Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2005) - Cape Verde (2008)

Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2005) z Cape Verde (2008)

	Turks and Caicos Islands (2005)	Cape Verde (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK)	17 municipalities (concelhos, singular - concelho); Boa Vista, Brava, Maio, Mosteiros, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Domingos, Sao Filipe, Sao Miguel, Sao Nicolau, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal
Age structure	0-14 years: 32.5% (male 3,396/female 3,277) 15-64 years: 63.8% (male 6,900/female 6,220) 65 years and over: 3.7% (male 342/female 421) (2005 est.)	0-14 years: 36.9% (male 78,971/female 77,524) 15-64 years: 56.4% (male 116,751/female 122,065) 65 years and over: 6.7% (male 10,423/female 17,879) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish	bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee, peanuts; fish
Airports	8 (2004 est.)	8 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)	total: 8 over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)	-
Area	total: 430 sq km land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 4,033 sq km land: 4,033 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background	The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands remain a British overseas territory.	The uninhabited islands were discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century; Cape Verde subsequently became a trading center for African slaves and later an important coaling and resupply stop for whaling and transatlantic shipping. Following independence in 1975, and a tentative interest in unification with Guinea-Bissau, a one-party system was established and maintained until multi-party elections were held in 1990. Cape Verde continues to exhibit one of Africa's most stable democratic governments. Repeated droughts during the second half of the 20th century caused significant hardship and prompted heavy emigration. As a result, Cape Verde's expatriate population is greater than its domestic one. Most Cape Verdeans have both African and Portuguese antecedents.
Birth rate	22.23 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	24.4 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $47 million expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1997-98 est.)	revenues: $444.7 million expenditures: $496 million (2007 est.)
Capital	Grand Turk	name: Praia geographic coordinates: 14 55 N, 23 31 W time difference: UTC-1 (4 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry	temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and very erratic
Coastline	389 km	965 km
Constitution	introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988	25 September 1992; a major revision on 23 November 1995 substantially increased the powers of the president; a 1999 revision created the position of national ombudsman (Provedor de Justica)
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands	conventional long form: Republic of Cape Verde conventional short form: Cape Verde local long form: Republica de Cabo Verde local short form: Cabo Verde
Death rate	4.28 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	6.5 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	NA	$325 million (2002)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Roger D. PIERCE embassy: Rua Abilio Macedo n6, Praia mailing address: C. P. 201, Praia telephone: [238] 2-60-89-00 FAX: [238] 2-61-13-55
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Fatima Lima VEIGA (since 16 August 2007) chancery: 3415 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 965-6820 FAX: [1] (202) 965-1207 consulate(s) general: Boston
Disputes - international	have received Haitians fleeing economic and civil disorder	none
Economic aid - recipient	$4.1 million (1997)	$160.6 million (2005)
Economy - overview	The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the annual 93,000 visitors in the late 1990s. Major sources of government revenue also include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts.	This island economy suffers from a poor natural resource base, including serious water shortages exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought. The economy is service-oriented, with commerce, transport, tourism, and public services accounting for 66% of GDP. Although nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas, the share of food production in GDP is low. About 82% of food must be imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cape Verde annually runs a high trade deficit, financed by foreign aid and remittances from emigrants; remittances supplement GDP by more than 20%. Economic reforms are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy. Future prospects depend heavily on the maintenance of aid flows, the encouragement of tourism, remittances, and the momentum of the government's development program.
Electricity - consumption	4.65 million kWh (2002)	41.85 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	5 million kWh (2002)	45 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island)
Environment - current issues	limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater	soil erosion; deforestation due to demand for wood used as fuel; water shortages; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; illegal beach sand extraction; overfishing
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	black 90%, mixed, European, or North American 10%	Creole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1%
Exchange rates	the US dollar is used	Cape Verdean escudos (CVE) per US dollar - 81.235 (2007), 87.946 (2006), 88.67 (2005), 88.808 (2004), 97.703 (2003)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Richard TAUWHARE (since 11 July 2005) head of government: Chief Minister Michael Eugene MISICK (since 15 August 2003) cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor	chief of state: President Pedro Verona PIRES (since 22 March 2001) head of government: Prime Minister Jose Maria Pereira NEVES (since 1 February 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 12 February 2006 (next to be held in February 2011); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president election results: Pedro PIRES reelected president; percent of vote - Pedro PIRES (PAICV) 51.2%, Carlos VIEGA (MPD) 48.8%
Exports	NA	0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities	lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells	fuel, shoes, garments, fish, hides
Exports - partners	US, UK	Spain 39.4%, Portugal 19.3%, Netherlands 11.3%, Germany 10.9%, Morocco 4.1% (2006)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus	five unequal horizontal bands; the top-most band of blue - equal to one half the width of the flag - is followed by three bands of white, red, and white, each equal to 1/12 of the width, and a bottom stripe of blue equal to one quarter of the flag width; a circle of 10, yellow, five-pointed stars, each representing one of the islands, is centered on the red stripe and positioned 3/8 of the length of the flag from the hoist side
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: 9.3% industry: 16.9% services: 73.9% (2007 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $11,500 (2002 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	4.9% (2000 est.)	7% (2007 est.)
Geographic coordinates	21 45 N, 71 35 W	16 00 N, 24 00 W
Geography - note	about 40 islands (eight inhabited)	strategic location 500 km from west coast of Africa near major north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea and air refueling site
Highways	total: 121 km paved: 24 km unpaved: 97 km (2000)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe	used as a transshipment point for Latin American cocaine destined for Western Europe; the lack of a well-developed financial system limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center
Imports	NA	2,080 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials	foodstuffs, industrial products, transport equipment, fuels
Imports - partners	US, UK	Portugal 41.1%, Netherlands 10.6%, Spain 6.5%, Italy 5.5%, Cote d'Ivoire 5.2%, Brazil 4.8% (2006)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	5 July 1975 (from Portugal)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	9% (2007 est.)
Industries	tourism, offshore financial services	food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair
Infant mortality rate	total: 15.67 deaths/1,000 live births male: 18.11 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	total: 45.27 deaths/1,000 live births male: 50.31 deaths/1,000 live births female: 40.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4% (1995)	3% (2007 est.)
International organization participation	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), UPU	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, CPLP, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	30 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court	Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Supremo Tribunal de Justia
Labor force	4,848 (1990 est.)	120,600 (1990)
Labor force - by occupation	about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 2.33% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.67% (2001)	arable land: 11.41% permanent crops: 0.74% other: 87.85% (2005)
Languages	English (official)	Portuguese, Crioulo (a blend of Portuguese and West African words)
Legal system	based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas	based on the legal system of Portugal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 24 April 2003 (next to be held in 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 53.8%, PNP 46.2%; seats by party - PDM 7, PNP 6; note - in by-elections held 7 August 2003, the PNP gained two seats for a majority of 8 seats; PDM now has 5	unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 22 January 2006 (next to be held in January 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - PAICV 52.3%, MPD 44%, UCID 2.7%; seats by party - PAICV 41, MPD 29, UCID 2
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 74.51 years male: 72.28 years female: 76.84 years (2005 est.)	total population: 71.02 years male: 67.69 years female: 74.44 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 76.6% male: 85.8% female: 69.2% (2003 est.)
Location	Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti	Western Africa, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Senegal
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	total: 8 ships (1000 GRT or over) 13,922 GRT/7,726 DWT by type: cargo 2, chemical tanker 1, passenger/cargo 5 foreign-owned: 2 (Spain 1, UK 1) (2007)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	-
Military branches	-	People's Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARP): Army, Coast Guard (includes maritime air wing) (2007)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	0.7% (2005)
National holiday	Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)	Independence Day, 5 July (1975)
Nationality	noun: none adjective: none	noun: Cape Verdean(s) adjective: Cape Verdean
Natural hazards	frequent hurricanes	prolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active
Natural resources	spiny lobster, conch	salt, basalt rock, limestone, kaolin, fish, clay, gypsum
Net migration rate	11.09 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-11.83 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
People - note	destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US	-
Political parties and leaders	People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Michael Eugene MISICK]	African Party for Independence of Cape Verde or PAICV [Jose Maria Pereira NEVES, chairman]; Democratic Alliance for Change or ADM [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO] (a coalition of PCD, PTS, and UCID); Democratic Christian Party or PDC [Manuel RODRIGUES]; Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Victor FIDALGO]; Democratic and Independent Cape Verdean Union or UCID [Antonio MONTEIRO]; Movement for Democracy or MPD [Agostinho LOPES]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO]; Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Isaias RODRIGUES]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	20,556 (July 2005 est.)	423,613 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	30% (2000)
Population growth rate	2.9% (2005 est.)	0.606% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	Grand Turk, Providenciales	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2004)	AM 0, FM 22 (plus 12 repeaters), shortwave 0 (2001)
Religions	Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)	Roman Catholic (infused with indigenous beliefs), Protestant (mostly Church of the Nazarene)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.019 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.956 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.583 male(s)/female total population: 0.948 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: fully digital system with international direct dialing domestic: full range of services available international: country code - 1-649; 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: effective system, extensive modernization from 1996-2000 following partial privatization in 1995 domestic: major service provider is Cabo Verde Telecom (CVT); fiber-optic ring, completed in 2001, links all islands providing Internet access and ISDN services; cellular service introduced in 1998; broadband services launched in 2004 international: country code - 238; landing point for the Atlantis-2 fiber-optic transatlantic telephone cable that provides links to South America, Senegal, and Europe; HF radiotelephone to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2007)
Telephones - main lines in use	5,700 (2002)	71,600 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular	1,700 (1999)	108,900 (2006)
Television broadcast stations	0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; 2 cable television networks) (2004)	1 (plus 7 repeaters) (2001)
Terrain	low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps	steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic
Total fertility rate	3.08 children born/woman (2005 est.)	3.28 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	10% (1997 est.)	21% (2000 est.)

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